Background on Wool

Wool is a type of natural fiber that comes from the fleece of lambs and sheep. It may also be derived from Cashmere goats as well as Angora goats. It is a protein natural fiber. The actual term ‘wool’ is frequently used to describe any specialty fibers that originate from alpaca, camel, vicuma or llama hair. In its natural state, wool tends to occur in many different shades. These shades may range from white to a cream color as well as black and brown.

Changes in Shading may Occur

It is quite common for wood to be bleached at some time while it is manufactured. Fibers which have been bleached tend to commonly experience a process known as photoyellowing. In this process, the fibers begin to change shades, although it usually occurs gradually. A number of factors can impact this process, including UV light such as sunlight. Other factors which may play a role include pollutants in the atmosphere. Photoyellowing can also be made worse by chemicals that contain alkaline.

In other cases yarns that have not been dyed or bleached, which are known as natural yarns may also be susceptible to photobleaching. In this process, the wool may actually become whiter instead of darker. This process is also induced by light. Blue light can frequently contribute to this process, particularly when UV light is low.

Wool is commonly used for residential purposes; however, it may also be used for applications which are known as contract fabrics. One of the reasons that it is commonly used for these types of applications is the fact that they contain properties which are inherently flame resistant. In most cases, wool will be blended with synthetics in small amounts. The most common type of synthetic fibers to be used is nylon in order to increase the strength of the fabric.

Caring for Wool

When cared for regularly, wool is usually not that difficult to maintain. It is important to note; however, that soils and dust can become trapped inside air pockets that are found in the weave of the fabric. Vacuuming regularly can help to combat this problem.

Under no circumstances should alkaline chemicals be used on wool fabrics. These types of fabrics can cause the fibers to become weak. In addition, they may result in yellowing of the fabric that is frequently not able to be rectified. In the event it is not possible to completely avoid the use of an alkaline chemical then the chemical should be neutralized using an acid before it is applied to the fabric. After using the chemical, the wool should always be rinsed carefully and thoroughly with water.

Keep in mind that ultimately wool is a type of protein fiber. As is the case with silk, chlorine bleach should not be used on wool as it will dissolve the wool. Even in a diluted form, bleach is not safe to use on wool.

Treating Pet Stains

It is not always possible to avoid pet stains on wool fabric. They can; however, be very destructive to the fibers. The enzymes that are contained in vomit can cause the breakdown of the fabric in the same way they do protein foods after they are consumed. Urine can also be quite destructive to wool fabrics. This is because bacteria in the urine can cause it to convert from an acid to an alkali form. Once the urine has been turned into alkali, the wool fiber can be easily damaged.

Tips for Spot Cleaning Wool Fabrics

Spot cleaning should only be used with extreme care on wool fabric. This is because shrinkage, color bleeding and abrasion can occur in some cases. If wet cleaners are used there is the possibility of shrinkage, particularly is the fabric has a loose weave. Shrinking can be reduced by speed drying the fabric using a blow dryer on a warm or cool setting. Generally, shrinking problems are not caused by the use of dry-cleaning solvents.

Proper care can ensure that wool is able to maintain the elegant and soft look for which it has become known over the years. Applying a topical protection treatment can also aide in preventing wool fabric from becoming stained and thus limiting its life expectancy.